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To cut through some of the confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to divide it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of a digital concept sort of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you have bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, such as a bank or payment gateway. It is made and kept electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the planet, using free software.
It was the first instance of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset class which shares some characteristics of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, within an electronic payment system based on mathematical proof. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, that may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable manner.
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Bitcoin can be utilized to cover things electronically, if both parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important feature is that it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run through an open network of committed servers spread around the globe. This attracts individuals and groups who are uncomfortable with the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin simplifies the dual spending issue of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can easily be replicated and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of these transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of the currency (and notably citizens with very little alternative) keep the cost.
Even though senders of traditional electronic payments are often identified (for verification purposes, and to abide by anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in theory function in semi-anonymity. Since there's absolutely no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender gets the necessary bitcoin in addition to the authority to send them.
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In practice, every user is identified with the address of their pocket. Transactions can, with a little effort, be tracked this way. Additionally, law enforcement has developed approaches to identify consumers if necessary.
Additionally, most exchanges are required by law to perform identity checks on their customers before they are allowed to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another way that bitcoin usage can be tracked. Since the network is transparent, the advancement of a specific transaction is observable to all.
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This is because there's no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. When a transaction is recorded on the network, and when greater than an hour has passed, it's not possible to modify.
While this may disquiet a few, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It's one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) at todays prices, roughly one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read more to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, as well as how you can purchase, sell and store your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, in addition to the way its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this manual is for you. It'll explain how the system works, how you can use it to your profit, which scams to avoid. It will also direct you to sources which will enable you to store and use your very first parts of digital currency.